Similarities between the apartheid system in South Africa (from 1948 to the early 1990s), and the "Jim Crow" era in America, (late 19th and early 20th centuries), are so blatant as to often make them indistinguishable. Under both systems, interracial sexual relations were verboten and racial segregation was applied in public domains and all aspects of civic life like education, transportation, food, and housing. Moreover – for death had no dominion – cemeteries were also racially segregated (and informally, many remain so to this day).
Indeed, the control of space was intrinsic to the racism of both countries. In South Africa, where townships for non-whites were built on the edges of more prosperous White towns and cities, a geographic divide defined zones of permissible housing for Blacks. This was a formal and legalized feature of apartheid. In the US, and not just in the southern states, the divide "evolved", if you will, state-by-state. This allowed for crossover neighborhoods, typically ones characterized by socio-economic parity between communities of a different color. But by and large, there were clearly understood demarcations that determined where Black people could and could not make their home.
In South Africa, such demarcations were enforced by violence, of course, but also via an internal passport system that governed the movement of Black citizens. It determined if they could travel and where they could travel: passbooks had to be carried when the subjected people left their designated areas. A system like this, one that tout court racialized the movement of people across physical space on a macro level, was never formally implemented in post-Civil War US. Instead, in America, Black travelers carried The Negro Motorist Green Book -- a guide to safe roads, friendly gas stations and restaurants, and welcoming rooms to let along one's dangerous journey.